1. Receipt of raw materials

1. Receipt of bulk raw materials-when transported by bulk trucks or trains, the raw materials will be unloaded to the unloading pit after being weighed by a dump truck with a loadometer. 2. Receipt of packaging materials: divided into two types: manual handling and mechanical reception. 3. Receipt of liquid raw materials: bottled and poked can be directly transported and stored manually.

2. Storage of raw materials

There are many raw materials and materials in the feed, and various types of silos must be used. There are two types of silos and house-type silos in the feed mill. The main raw materials such as corn, high-grain and other grain raw materials have good fluidity and are not easy to agglomerate. They are mostly stored in silos. However, auxiliary materials such as bran, soybean meal and other powdery raw materials have poor scatter and are easy to agglomerate after being stored for a period of time. The discharging is stored in a room-style warehouse.

3. Cleaning of raw materials

Impurities in feed ingredients not only affect the quality of feed products, but also directly affect feed processing equipment and personal safety. In severe cases, the entire equipment can be destroyed and affect the smooth progress of feed production. Therefore, it should be removed in time. The cleaning equipment of the feed factory is mainly screening and magnetic separation equipment. The screening equipment removes large and long debris such as stones, mud and sack pieces in the raw materials, and the magnetic separation equipment mainly removes iron impurities.

4. Crushing of raw materials

The technological process of feed crushing is determined according to the required particle size, feed variety and other conditions. According to the number of crushing of raw materials, it can be divided into primary crushing process, cyclic crushing process or secondary crushing process. According to the combination form with the batching process, it can be divided into the batching first and then the crushing process and the crushing and then the batching process.
1. One-time crushing process: It is the simplest, most commonly used and most primitive crushing process. Whether it is a single raw material or a mixed raw material, it can be crushed once. According to the number of crushers used, it can be divided into single crushing and parallel crushing. For crushing, most small-scale feed processing plants use single-machine crushing, and medium-sized feed processing plants use two or more grinders in parallel. The disadvantage is that the particle size is uneven and the power consumption is high.
2. There are three types of secondary crushing process, namely single cycle crushing process, stage crushing process and tissue crushing process. (1) The single-cycle secondary crushing process uses a crusher to crush the materials and then screen them, and then return the screened material to the original crusher for crushing again. (2) Staged secondary crushing process. The basic setting of the process is to use two crushers with different screens. Each crusher is equipped with a grading screen. The material is first sieved through the first sieve to meet the particle size requirements. The bottom material goes directly to the mixer, the screened material goes to the first pulverizer, and the crushed material goes to the grading sieve for sieving. The material that meets the particle size requirements enters the mixer, and the rest of the sieve enters the second pulverizer for pulverization, and then enters the mixer after pulverization. (3) Combined secondary crushing process. This process uses different types of crushers in the two crushing. For the first time, a pair-rolling crusher is used. After grading and sieving, the under-sieve enters the mixer, and the over-sieve Enter the hammer mill for the second crushing.
3. Ingredients first and then crushing process. According to the design of the feed formula, the ingredients are mixed and mixed, and then enter the crusher for crushing.
4. Crushing first and then batching process This process first crushes the powder to be powdered, enters the batching bin respectively, and then batches and mixes.

5. Batching process

At present, the commonly used technological processes include manual addition of ingredients, volumetric ingredients, one-warehouse-one-scale ingredients, multiple-warehouses and multiple-scale ingredients, and multiple-warehouses-one-scale ingredients.
1. Manual addition of ingredients. Manual control. Adding ingredients is used in small feed processing plants and feed processing workshops. This ingredient process is to manually weigh the various components participating in the ingredients, and then manually pour the weighed materials into Into the mixer, because all use manual measurement, manual ingredients, the process is extremely simple, the equipment investment is small, the product cost is reduced, the measurement is flexible and accurate, but the manual operating environment is poor, the labor intensity is high, and the labor productivity is very low, especially the operation Workers are prone to make mistakes after working for a long time.
2. Volumetric batching is equipped with a volumetric batcher under each batching bin
3. -Ingredients on one scale in a warehouse
4. Multi-warehouse and one-scale ingredients
5. The batching of multi-storage weigher divides the measured materials into groups according to their physical characteristics or weighing range, and each group is equipped with corresponding measuring devices

6. Mixing process
It can be divided into two types: batch mixing and continuous mixing. Batch mixing is to mix various mixing components together according to the ratio of the formula, and send them to the periodically working "batch mixer" for batch mixing. This mixing method is more convenient to change the formula, and there is less mutual mixing between each batch. It is a widely used mixing process at present. The opening and closing operations are more frequent, so most of them adopt automatic program control. The continuous mixing process is to continuously measure various feed components simultaneously and separately, and mix them in proportion to form a stream containing various components. When this stream enters the continuous mixer, it is continuously mixed to form a uniform stream. The advantage of this process is that it can be carried out continuously, and it is easy to connect with continuous operations such as pulverization and granulation. It does not need to be operated frequently during production. However, when changing the formula, the adjustment of the flow rate is more troublesome and continuous. There are more material residues in the conveying and continuous mixing equipment, so the problem of mixing between the two batches of feed is more serious.

7. Granulation process

1. Conditioning: Conditioning is the most important link in the granulation process. The quality of quenching and tempering directly determines the quality of pellet feed. The purpose of tempering is to adjust the mixed dry powder material into a powdered feed with a certain moisture and humidity which is conducive to granulation. At present, the feed mills in our country complete the tempering process by adding steam.
2. Granulation: (1) Ring die granulation: The uniformly tempered material is first removed by the guard magnet, and then evenly distributed between the pressing and mixing and the pressing mold, so that the material enters the extrusion from the pressing area of ​​the feeding area The area is continuously squeezed into the die hole by the pressing roller to form a columnar feed, which is cut into pellet-like feed by the cutter fixed on the outside of the die as the die rotates. (2) The mixed materials after flat mold granulation enter the granulation system. The rotating distributor located on the upper part of the granulation system evenly spreads the materials on the surface of the press mold. The bottom is pressed out, and the rod-shaped feed coming out of the die hole is cut into the required length by a cutting stick.
3. Cooling During the granulation process, the high temperature and high humidity steam is introduced and the material is squeezed to generate a lot of heat, so that when the pellet feed comes out of the pelletizer, the water content reaches 16%-18%, and the temperature is as high as 75%. ℃ -85 ℃, under this condition, pellet feed is easy to deform and break, and it will also cause adhesion and mildew during storage. The moisture must be reduced to below 14%, and the temperature must be lowered to below 8 ℃ higher than the air temperature. It needs to be cooled.
4. Crushing In order to save power, increase output and improve quality in the production process of pelletizers, the materials are often first made into pellets of a certain size, and then crushed into qualified pellets according to the particle size of livestock and poultry feeding. product.
5. Screening: After the pellet feed is processed by the crushing process, a part of powder clots and other unqualified materials will be produced. Therefore, the crushed pellet feed needs to be sieved into neat and uniform products.